This is the national flag of Switzerland. The national flag is square, unlike the regular golden rectangle that most flags use. The rectangular flag is the civil ensign, as seen below:
Switzerland was founded in 1291, when the regions of Uri, Schwyz and Unterwalden signed a treaty against their enemies. Legal independence was formally achieved in 1648 at the Peace of Westphalia.
Switzerland are big on neutrality, chocolate, banks, cheese, pocket knives, watches and mountains. They have no less than four official languages -- German, French, Italian, and Romansh, but hardly anyone there speaks Romansh.
You can read more about Switzerland on Wikipedia.
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